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business communication, business writing, writing well

5 Steps to Using Verbs and Tenses Correctly in Business Communications

1. When you work with verbs and tenses, pay attention to the plural and singular forms of the subjects and objects of your sentences.

Example: Most people have an opinion about religion and politics.
Revised: Many people hold opinions about religion and politics.

“People” refers to more than one person, and in this case, “opinions” is more correctly matched to the plural form of the subject.

2. Don’t mistake the present for the future tense.

Example: We will be collecting litter at Evergreen Park on Saturday.
Revised: We will collect litter at Evergreen Park on Saturday.

The present tense — “we will be collecting” — is incorrect. Remove “be” and change the action verb “collect” to the future tense, which is correct because the event will occur later.

3. Don’t move from the past to the present tense.

Example: I drove to my appointment, watching for falling flurries along the way.
Revised: I drove to my appointment and watched for falling flurries along the way.

The corrected, properly matched verbs and tenses don’t make us wonder if we’re in the past or in the present.

4. Don’t use the present tense when you should use the past tense.

Example: While clawing my way to the top of Mount Everest, I was dodging frostbite as I was suffering from aching muscles.
Revised: As I clawed my way to the top of Mount Everest, I dodged frostbite while my muscles ached.

Again, we avoid the awkwardness of mismatched tenses.

5. Don’t use the wrong verb tense.

Example: Joe’s scrapbook of old photos were memorable.
Revised: Joe’s scrapbook of old photos was memorable.

The first sentence with these verbs and tenses would make more sense if the subject (“scrapbook”) was plural.

Quotes

“A tense trap is not a trap that makes you tense; it’s when you get stuck in past tense when the phenomena you are describing is perpetual or at least valid to the present moment.” ~ Daily Writing Tips

“The past is always tense, the future perfect.” ~ Zadie Smith

business communication, business writing, capitalization, capitalization rules, capitalization tips, capitalize, capitalizing, caps

Business Writing Capitalization Cheat Sheet

How did business writing capitalization start? Why do we capitalize words in general?

These interesting resources answer those questions. Capitalize on this mini link library to learn more.

The Linguist List: The History of Capitalization
Why we capitulate to capitalization.

The New York Times: Me, Myself and I
English is the only language in which the first-person singular pronoun, “I,” is capitalized. Author Caroline Winter will enlighten you on why it’s all about the “I.”

The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation
Take one of GrammarBook.com’s quizzes to test your capitalization knowledge.

Title Capitalization: Your Online Capitalization Case Tool
This handy site does what it says — it automatically capitalizes titles for you if you lack time to do it yourself or you truly don’t know how. It will help you keep your capitals in line, which is great for homework or for publication to ensure your titles follow the right style.

Case Converter
To ensure you cover all the cases, this tool will convert to the one of your choice: all uppercase, all lowercase, to capitalize the first letter of every word or just the first word of every sentence. It’s up to you. You can then cut-and-paste the results or save them to a text file.

I’ve also covered business writing capitalization rules in my Five-Minute Business Writing Tips newsletters.

Do caps “entrap” you? Do they make your life difficult? If so, contact me for a free consultation.

business communication, business writing, capitalization, capitalization rules, capitalization tips, capitalize, capitalizing, caps

5 More Ways to Use Capital Letters in Business Writing

1. To use capital letters in business writing properly, capitalize “government” when you refer to the U.S. Government or any foreign nation.

Examples: the Mexican Government; Her Majesty’s Government

2. Capitalize “state” when used with a name or in place of the name, but use lower-case with a general term.

Examples: the State of Maine or State government; state law

3. Capitalize “the,” or its foreign equivalent, when it is the authorized part of a geographical name, of a book title or work of art, or when it’s part of a company’s or an institution’s legal name.

Examples:

Geographical names: The South
Art work titles: The Student Prince
Company or institution names: The Hartford

Note: This rule is often disregarded in informal writing when referencing periodicals, ships, firm names, etc.

Examples: the National Review; the Enterprise; the Jones Company

4. Capitalize parts of a work when you refer to them in the same work.

Example: For more guidelines, read Appendix B.

5. Capitalize all names of celestial bodies except for the earth, moon, stars, and sun, unless they are personified or used in an astronomical context.

Examples: Jupiter; the Andromeda Galaxy; Sirius

Source: The Elements of Grammar by Margaret Shertzer

Advice from someone who knows how to use capital letters in business writing can help you improve your writing and make you look smarter and more skilled in your field.

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The Classy Writing Blog: Capitalization Cheat Sheet ‏

“How did business writing capitalization start? Why do we capitalize words?…” Read more.

Quotes

“Failure to use capitals properly will mark you as semi-literate just as quickly as mistakes in spelling or punctuation.” ~ Larry Trask, The Linguist List (History of Capitalization)

“One reason capitalization matters is that a word’s meaning can change depending on whether it’s uppercase or lowercase.” ~ Rob Reinalda, “When Should You Capitalize Words?” Grammar Girl’s Quick and Dirty Tips.

arrogance in writing, arrogant writing, business communication, business writing, pompous writing, writing advice

5 Ways to Avoid Pompous Business Writing or “Business-ese”

Michelle Troutman

Have you ever felt like you were drowning in pompous business writing? You know, the kind that stuffs jargon into every sentence, burying simple ideas under big words?

It might sound impressive, yet it builds walls between you and your audience. Leave the robospeak to AI and learn how to speak with your audience one-on-one.

See every step outlined in this blog in this YouTube video playlist.

1. Watch your wording – Do you use a “five-dollar” word when a “ten-cent” term will do? Unless it’s appropriate for your audience, drop the formality. Speak in plain English.

Example: utilize
Revised: use

A study found that people see writers who use overly complex language as less intelligent. Simpler terms come across as friendly and approachable. They ease understanding, keeping your readers focused.

2. Trim the fat – Sentences without a period in sight can tire readers’ eyes. Keep them to 16 or fewer words or an eighth-grade reading level.

3. Your subjects matter – Are you writing for busy CEOs who value concise information or recent graduates who need more details? To connect with readers and avoid pompous business writing, step into their shoes. Hang out in forums or social media groups they frequent.

Questions to ask:

Which questions do they ask?
Which language do they use?
Which topics are they interested in?
How can you explain concepts clearly?

Consider surveying them. Anonymous options can encourage open responses.

4. Get feedback – Show your writing to friends or colleagues you trust who know your audience. They can pinpoint language that might go over readers’ heads to help you pitch pompous business writing and sharpen your image.

5. Lighten up – “Never use a big word when a little filthy one will do.” ~ Johnny Carson. Like writing, humor is subjective. Some could find that quote shocking, while others might laugh.

Like a lecture that drones on, bland text, especially the passive voice, puts readers to sleep. Speak to them directly: stop commanding and start chatting with them. If your writing feels as stiff as concrete, as appropriate, soften it with a lighter touch.

For more creative turns of phrase, read 35 Overused Business Words with Alternatives by Cathy Miller.

Which words do you find pompous or stuffy? Feel free to comment below.

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Quotes

“Clutter is the disease of American writing. We are a society strangling in unnecessary words, circular constructions, pompous frills, and meaningless jargon.” ~ William Zinsser, On Writing Well

“Boastful or arrogant writing is as repellent as a boastful or arrogant person.” ~Richard Palmer, Write in Style: a Guide to Good English

business communication, business writing, writing advice, writing well, writing with clarity

5 Ways to “Write Tight” for Your Business

1. Omit needless words. This is the best advice to “write tight.” As William Strunk and E.B. White wrote in their classic grammar book, The Elements of Style, every word should “tell” or serve a purpose. When you’re done writing, see if removing certain words changes the overall meaning of your sentences. Make your sentences leaner and “meaner,” to strengthen them and pack more of a punch.

2. Plan. To keep your thoughts focused, create a list or an outline detailing your subject matter. Some people dislike planning, but this simple step helps me stay organized and on topic.

3. Set a word limit. Limit the scope of your piece to a certain number of words to help you cut the deadwood.

4. Prefer one word over two. For example, the two sentences below have a similar meaning, but one is more to the point:

A. Turn on the light.
B. Flip the switch.

5. Use bullet points. Bullet points help summarize key ideas. They work well for grouping words and phrases together, so you don’t always need to write complete sentences. For example:

Backing Crash Prevention

Eliminate distractions
Keep your eyes moving
Use your mirrors

Quotes

“Four basic premises of writing: clarity, brevity, simplicity, and humanity.” ~ William Zinsser

“Brevity is the soul of wit.” ~ William Shakespeare, Hamlet